Motivation is an internal state or condition (sometimes described as a need, desire, or want) that serves to activate or energize behaviour and give it direction.

It is a drive that compels one to act because human behaviour is directed toward some goal. Motivation is intrinsic (internal); it comes from within based on personal interests, desires, and need for fulfilment. However, extrinsic (external) factors such as rewards, praise, and promotions also influence motivation.

It can also be referring to ―the forces either within or external to a person that arouse enthusiasm and persistence to pursue a certain course of action. People who are committed to achieving organizational objectives generally outperform those who are not committed. Those who are intrinsically rewarded by accomplishments in the workplace are satisfied with their jobs and are individuals with high self-esteem. Therefore, an important part of management is to help make work more satisfying and rewarding for employees and to keep employee motivation consistent with organizational objectives. With the diversity of contemporary workplaces, this is a complex task. Many factors, including the influences of different cultures, affect what people value and what is rewarding to them. Classification of motivational theories:

1. Content theories

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Herzberg’s Two Factors

Alderfer’s ERG

2. Process theories

Vroom’s Expectancy

Porter Lawler Model

Equity theory

Goal-Setting Theory

organizational behaviour

February 11, 2018